Agricultural Biotechnology
All living organisms have the ability to improve themselves through natural means in order to adapt to changing environmental conditions. However, it takes hundreds of years before any detectable improvement is obtained. Man then learned how to domesticate and breed plants in order to develop crops to his own liking and needs using various means including biotechnology.
Biotechnology is defined as a set of tools that uses living organisms (or parts of organisms) to make or modify a product, improve plants, trees or animals, or develop microorganisms for specific uses. Agricultural biotechnology is the term used in crop and livestock improvement through biotechnology tools. This monograph will focus only on agricultural crop biotechnology.
Biotechnology encompasses a number of tools and elements of conventional breeding techniques,
bioinformatics, microbiology, molecular genetics, biochemistry,plant physiology, and molecular biology. The biotechnology tools that are important for agricultural biotechnology include:
- Conventional plant breeding
- Tissue culture and micropropagation
- Molecular breeding or marker assisted selection
- Genetic engineering and GM crops
- Molecular Diagnostic Tools
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Agricultural Biotechnology
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